Downhill Skiing Honor

Recreational Activities

Requirements

1. List the 4 materials most used in the construction of skis. What are the differences and benefits of these materials?

   Answer: The 4 materials most used in the construction of skis and their benefits: 1) Wood (core): the traditional material of the ski's center, light and flexible, it gives a natural response and dampening. 2) Fiberglass/composite (laminate): layers that surround the core, giving resistance, controlled torsion and firmness to the ski. 3) Polyethylene (P-Tex) (sole/base): a gliding plastic that forms the bottom of the ski, reduces friction and glides well on the snow, and can be waxed. 4) Metal/steel (edges and, sometimes, internal blades): the steel edges cut and grip on snow and ice, giving control in turns; internal metal blades increase stability. Modern skis combine these layers (wood core + fiberglass laminate + polyethylene sole + steel edges), each material adding a property: lightness, resistance, glide and control. (Note: ABS, when used, is on the sides/top, not on the sole.) — Modern skis are composites. Wood (beech, poplar, bamboo): a flexible core that absorbs impacts. Fiberglass/carbon: an upper laminate that increases torsional rigidity. ABS plastic or UHMW polyethylene: a sole that glides with low friction (wax). Steel: sharp blades on the edges give control on hard snow/ice. Each material has a specific weight, cost and function. Professional skis (Atomic, Rossignol, Salomon) adjust the mix according to use (piste, freeride, racing, freestyle). Brands use carbon in top models.

2. Correctly perform and demonstrate skill by doing the following:
   • Stand up on the skis
   • Glide for at least 10 meters
   • Kick while skiing (raise one foot to waist height)
   • Correctly use the poles

   Answer: Standing: a flexed posture, weight between the feet, looking ahead. Glide 10m: balance on a gentle descent. Kicking: lift one foot to waist height. Poles: strap on the wrist, propulsion on flat ground, support in turns. These skills form the basis for more complex techniques in real downhill skiing. — Basic skills for beginners. Posture: 'racing athletes' — knees flexed, torso slightly leaning, hands forward. Balance: 50% of the weight on each foot. Glide 10m: gentle terrain, the ski flat on the snow. Kicking: tests balance on one leg, fundamental for more advanced skiing. Poles: grip them with the strap wrapped around the palm downward, use them for propulsion on flat terrain and for balance in turns. Learning the basics well prevents injuries on steeper descents later.

3. Do one of the following:
   • Demonstrate the ability to perform a jump of at least 25 meters in length correctly. It must be evaluated according to the regular ski jumping standards.
   • Complete a slalom course of moderate difficulty, with at least 2 jumps and 6 turns along the course.

   Answer: Jump: a takeoff ramp, an aerodynamic takeoff, controlled flight, landing with flexion. Slalom: 6 turns and 2 jumps, going around flags while maintaining speed. Each option tests advanced technical skill and requires prior training supervised by the real Honor instructor. — A demonstration of mastery. Jump: classic ski jumping, a straight takeoff with the body leaning forward over the skis (V-style) to take advantage of lift. 25m is a beginner distance (professionals jump 100m+). Landing: telemarking or parallel legs. Slalom: a course with flags (gates) that must be passed. 6 turns + 2 jumps requires carving technique (cutting turns with the edges). Short skis for slalom (155-165cm). Evaluation: time, fluidity, absence of falls. Training at a snow resort with an instructor.

4. Make a report or explain orally to your instructor the following about the practice of skiing:
   • Appropriate clothing
   • Equipment
   • Your reasons for choosing skiing as a healthy hobby
   • What emotions you have experienced while skiing

   Answer: Clothing: a thermal suit, gloves, a beanie, UV goggles. Equipment: skis with edges, poles, boots, a helmet. Reasons: a healthy hobby and contact with nature. Emotions: freedom, adrenaline, satisfaction, contemplation. Present it orally or in writing to the real Honor instructor. — The report integrates theory and experience. Clothing: layers (a polyester base, thermal insulation, a waterproof outer layer). Equipment: skis approximately the size of your height, poles with ergonomic grips, boots with buckles, a helmet mandatory for safety. Healthy reasons: cardiovascular, muscular strength, balance. Emotions: emphasize personal well-being, achievements and socialization. Skiing is a family and international tourist activity. The presentation to the instructor can be text, video, a photo album with captions. Comprehensive learning.