Physics Honor

Science & Health

Requirements

  1. Define the following:
    • Physics
    • Mass
    • Work
    • Force
    • Power
    • Potential energy
    • Kinetic energy
    • Weight
    • Matter
    • Inertia
    • Friction
    • Wave
    • Center of gravity
    • Scientific notation
    • Absolute zero
    • Fulcrum

    Answer: 1) Physics: the science that studies matter, energy and their interactions. 2) Mass: the quantity of matter in a body, measured in kilograms (kg). 3) Work: energy transferred when a force displaces a body (force x displacement), measured in joules. 4) Force: an action capable of altering the motion or shape of a body, measured in newtons (N). 5) Power: the speed at which work is performed (work divided by time), measured in watts. 6) Potential energy: energy stored because of the position of a body (e.g.: an object up high ready to fall). 7) Kinetic energy: the energy a body has by being in motion. 8) Weight: the force with which gravity attracts a body (mass x gravity), measured in newtons. 9) Matter: everything that has mass and occupies space. 10) Inertia: the tendency of a body to maintain its state of rest or motion until a force acts upon it. 11) Friction: the force that opposes movement between surfaces in contact. 12) Wave: a disturbance that propagates carrying energy, without carrying matter. 13) Center of gravity: the point where all the weight of a body is considered to be concentrated. 14) Scientific notation: a way of writing very large or very small numbers using powers of 10 (e.g.: 300,000,000 = 3 x 10^8). 15) Absolute zero: the lowest possible temperature, at which the movement of particles is minimal; it equals 0 kelvin, that is, -273.15 degrees Celsius. 16) Fulcrum: the pivot point around which a lever turns when transmitting or amplifying a force. — These concepts are the basic vocabulary of physics — understanding each one is the foundation for comprehending the phenomena.

  2. What is the scientific method? How can the scientific method be used in the study of the Bible?

    Answer: 1) What the scientific method is: it is the set of steps for investigating reality — observation, question/problem, hypothesis, experimentation, analysis of the results and conclusion. 2) How it can be used in the study of the Bible: a similar approach is applied — observe the text (what it says), ask questions and raise doubts, compare it with other passages (the Bible interprets itself), check the context and reach well-founded conclusions, studying methodically and without hasty conclusions. — Observe, ask, investigate and conclude: the same rigor of the scientific method helps to study the Bible with depth and context.

  3. What is a controlled experiment?

    Answer: A controlled experiment is one in which a single variable is tested at a time, keeping all other conditions equal (controlled), usually comparing a test group with a control group. This makes it possible to know with confidence that the result was caused by the variable being studied, and not by another factor. — Controlling the variables ensures that the result of the experiment actually comes from what is being tested.

  4. Explain the terms in Albert Einstein's equation E = mc2.

    Answer: In Einstein's equation, E = energy; m = mass; c = the speed of light in a vacuum (about 300,000 km/s), and c² is that speed squared. The equation shows that mass and energy are equivalent — a small mass can be transformed into an enormous amount of energy (the principle behind nuclear energy and the energy of the stars). — E=mc² reveals that matter and energy are the same thing in different forms — and that there is immense energy in a small mass.

  5. What are the units of measurement for mass, length and time used by the International System of Units (SI)?

    Answer: In the International System of Units (SI): mass = kilogram (kg); length = meter (m); time = second (s). — Kilogram, meter and second are the base SI units for mass, length and time.

  6. What units of measurement are used for the time prophecies in the Bible? In which books, chapters and verses can they be found?

    Answer: 1) Units of measurement of the time prophecies: they are days, which by the day-year principle (one prophetic day equals one actual year) represent years. 2) Where they can be found: the day-year principle is in Numbers 14:34 and Ezekiel 4:6; examples of prophecies — the '2,300 evenings and mornings' (Daniel 8:14); 'a time, times and half a time' / 1,260 days (Daniel 7:25; Revelation 12:6,14); and the '70 weeks' (Daniel 9:24). — In biblical prophecy, time is usually given in days that represent years (the day-year principle), as in Daniel 8:14.

  7. List Newton's 3 laws of motion.

    Answer: 1st Law (Inertia): a body remains at rest or in uniform rectilinear motion unless a force acts upon it. 2nd Law (Fundamental): the resultant force is equal to mass times acceleration (F = m·a). 3rd Law (Action and Reaction): for every action there is a reaction of equal intensity and in the opposite direction. — Newton's three laws (inertia, F=m·a and action-reaction) explain practically all the motion of bodies.

  8. Using a tablecloth and several heavy books, demonstrate Newton's first law.
  9. Using an air-filled balloon, demonstrate Newton's third law.
  10. Demonstrate Galileo's experiment - the fall of a body - by dropping two plastic bottles (one full of water and the other half full) at the same time, from a height of 2 meters. Record the results and draw a spiritual application from the experiment.
  11. Demonstrate the mechanical advantage of the lever by removing a large nail, driven deep into a piece of wood, using only a hammer. Pull a second nail using a hammer and a small block of wood, placed near the nail, under the head of the hammer. Note the difference in the force required to pull the nail with the different positions of the hammer on the block (fulcrum) and draw a spiritual application from this experiment.